In order to validate research, it is necessary to look into who is funding the research as well as who is doing it. When a pharmaceutical company funds a research project, they want to make that drug look like a new wonder drug and they their primary concern is not whether it is effective or that it has side effects. They have very limited ethics. They are looking for profits. Even with a meta-analysis (the compilation of many studies), often all of the studies used for the meta-analysis have been funded by Big Pharma. Often there is conflicting research. Absolute numbers are often changed to percentages which then affect the interpretation of the study. Medical Journals funded by Big Pharma have a conflict of interest that tends to favor not publishing articles against a new drug and possibly risk losing the income that keeps the journal going.